Breathalyzer for Marijuana: Prospects, Challenges and Future Implications

The idea of a breathalyzer for marijuana has sparked great interest in recent years. While current technology does not allow for a breathalyzer that can accurately detect THC in a manner similar to an alcohol breathalyzer, significant advancements are on the horizon. This article explores the current state of research, challenges, and potential implications of such a technology.

Current Technology in Marijuana Testing

Currently, in the UK, if a driver is suspected of marijuana use, they undergo a 'drug wipe' test at the roadside. This test involves obtaining a sample of saliva and a reagent in a vial that is crushed. If the driver fails the test, they are arrested on suspicion of driving with a specified drug above the prescribed limit. A blood sample is then taken and tested for 17 different drugs, though the screen tests only fit two. Some of these are illicit drugs, and others are prescribed medications. People taking their medication correctly should not face any issues with the blood test results.

Experimental THC Breathalyzers on the Horizon

Research indicates that an experimental THC breathalyzer is currently being developed, and it is showing promising results. According to experts, it will not be long before we have THC breathalyzers that work just as effectively as alcohol breathalyzers. Additionally, it is likely that we will see a single device capable of detecting multiple drug types, including THC, meth, and more.

It is worth noting that if the police have sufficient suspicion to ask a driver to blow into a breathalyzer, the driver is likely already well past the legal limit for driving under the influence of marijuana.

Chemical Properties of THC and Alcohol

While alcohol is a volatile substance and can be expelled by the lungs, THC is not a volatile and cannot be expelled in the same way. This makes the development of a reliable breathalyzer for THC more challenging. THC detection primarily relies on accurate laboratory testing through blood, saliva, urine or hair follicles.

Field Sobriety Tests and Drug Recognition Experts

In the absence of a reliable breathalyzer, law enforcement agencies use field sobriety tests to assess whether a driver has been using marijuana. These tests are performed by specially trained police officers known as Drug Recognition Experts (DREs). DREs have developed remarkably accurate ways to detect drug influence, which can be quite different from what one might expect.

Field sobriety tests can include a series of tasks, including having the person stand on one leg, walk a straight line, and follow a pen with their eye. The results of these tests, while not foolproof, provide valuable information to officers to assess drug influence.

Future Outlook and Potential Implications

The development of a THC breathalyzer could have significant implications for public safety and drug laws. It could reduce the number of arrests made during sobriety checks, especially if the detection is accurate and reliable. It could also ease the burden on the legal system by allowing for quicker and more precise assessments of a driver's impairment.

However, the technology also raises concerns about privacy and fairness. If breathalyzers are widely adopted, it could lead to more frequent checks, potentially impacting the daily lives of legal marijuana users. It is essential to strike a balance between public safety and individual rights.

In conclusion, while a THC breathalyzer is not yet a reality, advancements in technology and research suggest that it is a possibility in the near future. The implications of such a device on society are complex and multifaceted, and they warrant careful consideration. As the technology develops, it is crucial to ensure that it serves the public interest while respecting civil liberties and individual rights.