Can an F-18 Hornet Take Off with One Engine?

An F/A-18 Hornet aircraft is designed to be capable of taking off with just one engine, although this is not the optimal scenario. Both engines are typically used for takeoff to ensure maximum thrust and optimal performance, given the weight of the aircraft and the need for a short takeoff distance. In the event that one engine fails during takeoff, the pilot can still control the aircraft and complete the takeoff; however, it will require careful management and may result in a longer takeoff distance and reduced climb performance.

Technical Feasibility and Safety

However, as with many aspects of aviation, the possibility of a one-engine takeoff does depend on several factors. Given a sufficiently long runway and the proper configuration, it is indeed possible for the aircraft to start a takeoff with one engine running. This was demonstrated by the Malaysian Airforce F/A-18D during a mid-air engine flameout event at LIMA-19.

Theoretical Possibilities

The F/A-18 series' powerful engines, such as the F404 and F414, are capable of propelling the aircraft to a significant speed, such as Mach 2. Based on this, it is plausible to consider a one-engine takeoff if the pilot is prepared for it. One notable scenario is the carrier-based operation, where the limited space on the deck demands that the aircraft be capable of performing a single-engine takeoff. Specifically, carrier-based aircraft must be able to perform single-engine "touch-and-go" landings, which cover critical scenarios where the wires are missed during an emergency landing.

The practice of performing these touch-and-go maneuvers on a regular runway with one engine at idle and the other at landing power settings can help prepare pilots for the transition back to full power with one engine. While the forces and conditions during this transition can be significant, pilots are trained to handle these situations effectively.

Operational Considerations

Despite the aircraft's ability to safely take off with one engine, it is rarely the standard practice. The primary reason for this is to ensure safety and maintain optimal performance. When an engine fails, the objective is usually to safely land the aircraft, especially if the failure occurs during the initial part of the takeoff run. Taking off with only one engine when on the ground is generally not beneficial unless the failure occurs extremely late in the takeoff sequence or when there is no alternative.

Consider an F-18 in such a scenario where one engine is inoperative. In the vast majority of cases, the focus is on safely landing the aircraft. The logical course of action is to stop the takeoff and attempt a controlled landing. This is especially true for carrier-based operations, where space is extremely limited, and the risk of mishap is higher.