Electric Vehicles and the Future of Car Mechanics

The rise of electric vehicles (EVs) is transforming not only the automotive industry but also the career paths within it. For seasoned mechanics transitioning to this new world, retraining has become a necessity. This article explores how the shift to EVs is affecting the role of mechanics and the future of automotive repair.

Retraining into the New Era

From my experience as a retired mechanical engineer, I have seen firsthand how the transition to electric vehicles (EVs) has impacted the repair industry. I now work part-time in a lawnmower shop, where we specialize in servicing and repairing battery-powered machines. It has become increasingly common to see battery-electric vehicles (BEVs) and hybrids in for repair. While many traditional mechanical components such as pistons, spark plugs, and camshafts are no longer necessary, electric motors and related electrical systems have taken their place.

Understanding the Transition

Even electric motors can develop faults, and running gear and suspension parts still wear out. However, the core components of EVs are fundamentally different from those of traditional internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles. In my previous life, I was a registered electrician, which has given me a solid foundation in understanding electrical machinery. This has been beneficial as I transitioned into servicing and repairing electric systems.

The repair work for electric machines often involves diagnosing complex electrical issues, such as problems with inverters, electronic control units (ECUs), and battery management systems. Despite the differences, the servicing aspect is still comparable to that of traditional machinery, making it a lighter lift for those familiar with the underlying principles of mechanics.

Manufacturers and Partnerships

Some repair shops have struggled to keep up with the changes, and this has led to an increase in demand for services like ours. We often collaborate with manufacturers, who refer customers to us when they encounter specific issues with their electric machines. This partnership ensures that our expertise is always up-to-date with the latest technology and maintenance procedures.

Electric Vehicle Breakthroughs

The technological advancement of electric vehicles is primarily driven by the efficiency of electric drive motors. Regardless of the source of electricity—be it a battery, an internal combustion engine (ICE) hybrid, or a hydrogen fuel cell—electric drive motors are significantly more efficient than their conventional counterparts. The environmental benefits are clear: after considering the mining of materials, processing plastics, manufacturing, and ten years of operation, a battery-electric vehicle (BEV) produces 25% less CO2 than a gasoline-driven vehicle. This translates directly into lower operating costs, making EVs a cost-effective solution for consumers.

Comparing Traditional and Alternative Fuels

While EVs have a significant edge in reducing CO2 emissions, other alternatives also offer compelling benefits. For instance, a gasoline hybrid-electric vehicle is on par with an EV in terms of CO2 emissions but is more affordable to purchase. On the other hand, a natural gas hybrid-electric vehicle produces 20% less CO2 compared to a battery-EV or a gasoline ICE-EV.

The hydrogen fuel-cell electric vehicle (FCEV) presents an even more economical option. According to the Canadian Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Association, the carbon footprint of hydrogen vehicles is significantly lower, with an average of 2.7g of carbon dioxide per kilometer compared to 20.9g for electric vehicles. Moreover, the cost of hydrogen has been a barrier, but advancements in technology are making it more accessible and cost-effective.

Advancements in Hydrogen Production

Recent developments in hydrogen production, particularly in Canada, have shown promising results. Researchers at the University of Calgary have developed a method to extract hydrogen from oil sands, a process that also sequesters CO2 underground. This innovative approach aims to reduce the cost of hydrogen, making it more viable for widespread use. This process, commercialized by PROTON ENERGY SYSTEMS INC, uses oxygen injection to raise the temperature in oil fields, thereby liberating hydrogen. Specialist filters are then used to separate hydrogen from other gases.

Grant Strem, CEO of PROTON ENERGY SYSTEMS INC, emphasizes the economic benefits of this technology, stating that the process is cost-effective. The technology was developed by Ian Gates and Jacky Wang as part of an agreement between the University of Calgary and PROTON ENERGY SYSTEMS INC, which holds the patent.

The Los Angeles and Oakland Port Authorities are among the early adopters of hydrogen fuel-cell electric semi-trucks, demonstrating the potential of hydrogen as a clean and efficient fuel source.

As the industry continues to evolve, the role of mechanics in the coming years will undoubtedly shift towards a greater focus on electric and hybrid technologies. The challenges and opportunities presented by these advancements highlight the importance of continuous learning and adaptation in the automotive repair sector.

For those like myself who have transitioned to working in electric machinery repair, it is clear that the shift to electric vehicles is not just a trend but a fundamental change in the way we think about automotive repair and maintenance. The future holds many exciting possibilities, and the skills required to stand at the forefront of this transformation are invaluable.