Exploring Train Motor Sizes: A Comprehensive Guide

When discussing the size of motors in trains, it's essential to consider the various types of trains and their intended use. Train motors come in different forms, each designed to handle specific tasks, ranging from hauling heavy freight to high-speed passenger travel. This article aims to provide a detailed overview of the sizes of train motors across various categories. However, it's important to note that the actual size of the motor may vary, and the primary factor determining the motor's dimensions is the locomotive's type and its intended purpose.

Overview of Train Motor Sizes

The size of a motor in a train can vary widely. Below are some general categories and examples to illustrate the range:

Locomotives

Locomotives are the heart of the train, propelling it through various terrains. Different types of locomotives require different motor sizes:

Diesel Locomotives: These typically have engines ranging from about 1500 to 4500 horsepower (HP). A common example like the GE ES44AC has a 4400 HP engine. Electric Locomotives: Electric locomotives can have power outputs ranging from 3000 to over 6000 HP. For instance, the Siemens ACS-64 electric locomotive has a power output of 8600 HP. High-Speed Trains: High-speed trains can have multiple motors with combined outputs exceeding 10000 HP. The Shinkansen in Japan can reach up to 12000 HP when considering the total output of multiple cars.

The power of a train's motor is crucial for determining its speed, acceleration, and ability to haul cargo or passengers.

Light Rail and Trams

Light rail and trams typically have smaller motors. These motors are often in the range of 150 to 500 HP, depending on the design and operational requirements.

Freight Trains

Freight locomotives usually have motor sizes similar to diesel locomotives, often around 3000 to 4000 HP.

Engine Types and Specifications

To gain a more specific understanding, let's take a look at the engine type and specifications used in some of these locomotives:

Diesel Electric Locomotives

Many diesel electric locomotives use engines that can vary significantly in size. For example, the SD70Ace has a 710 hp engine, while the GEVO 12 is a much larger, 16-cylinder engine.

Upon researching, it's evident that locomotives often use large, powerful engines like the General Motors EMD 16-cylinder engine. This engine is a two-stroke diesel V16 with a displacement of approximately 9000 cubic inches (in.3). It drives a 4000 V, 150 amp generator, converting the engine's 2100 HP into 1.5 kiloWatts (kMW) of usable electricity.

The locomotive also uses a traction motor, which is a DC series motor. This motor is fed electrical power from a massive AC to DC rectifier, which takes the generator's power and supplies it to the traction motor. The exact voltage and power rating of the motor are not specified, but logical inference suggests it might be very close to 1.5 MW or 2100 HP, possibly comprising a combination of several motors.

Conclusion

Understanding the size of train motors is crucial for anyone interested in railway technology. Different types of locomotives require different motor sizes based on their specific tasks. Diesel and electric locomotives, high-speed trains, and even light rail and trams all have distinct motor requirements, and the engine types can vary widely in size and specifications.