Exploring the Differences Between Aerospace and General Aluminum Alloys

Aluminum is a widely used metal due to its lightweight, durability, and ease of machining. Within the realm of aluminum materials, there are specific alloys that are utilized for specialized applications, particularly in industries such as aerospace and aviation. In this article, we'll delve into the differences between aerospace aluminum and general aluminum, highlighting their key characteristics, applications, and cost considerations.

Understanding the Materials of Aviation Aluminum

Aviation aluminum is not a technical term but rather a colloquial reference to a range of aluminum alloys that are specifically suited for the aerospace industry. The primary material used in aviation aluminum is aluminum, enhanced with aluminum alloy metal magnesium. This alloying process contributes to the material's strength and stability, making it ideal for use in critical applications such as guardrails, stair handrails, and fixed protective windows. Due to its high-tech nature and superior performance, aviation aluminum stands out from standard aluminum alloys in both appearance and functionality.

Differences Between Aviation Aluminum and General Aluminum

Material Differences

A key difference between aviation aluminum and general aluminum lies in their material composition. For aviation applications, the primary choice is among the 7 series of aluminum alloy profiles, which offer the highest strength and hardness. In contrast, general aluminum alloys, such as those from the 6 series, are more commonly used in everyday applications and have a medium hardness level. The 6061 or 6063 series are particularly popular due to their medium hardness and economic extrusion molding process.

Performance and Hardness

In terms of performance and hardness, the 7 series aluminum materials are designed to meet the stringent requirements of the aerospace industry. These materials are exceptionally strong and can withstand the high-stress environments typical of aviation. On the other hand, the 6 series aluminum alloys are used in applications where medium hardness meets the needs of everyday life without the need for as much durability.

Cost Considerations

The cost difference between aviation aluminum and general aluminum is significant. The selection of 7 series materials for aviation applications necessitates a more advanced and complex production process, making the cost higher. In contrast, the 6 series aluminum alloys, such as 6061 and 6063, are more economical and have a lower production cost due to their medium hardness and easier extrusion process.

Processing Performance

A key differentiation in processing performance is the ability to weld. Aviation aluminum cannot be welded and must instead be connected using other methods, which limits its range of applications. General aluminum, however, can be welded, expanding its potential uses in various construction and manufacturing processes.

Corrosion Resistance

Another significant difference is in corrosion resistance. Aviation aluminum has a relatively poor inherent corrosion resistance and requires special process treatments to enhance its durability. General aluminum, especially within the 6 series, has a natural corrosion resistance that can be further enhanced through oxidation treatments.

Conclusion

In summary, the differences between aerospace and general aluminum alloys are rooted in their materials, performance, hardness, cost, processing capabilities, and corrosion resistance. Understanding these differences is crucial for selecting the most appropriate material for specific applications within the aviation and aerospace industries.