How to Choose and Use a DC to AC Inverter: A Comprehensive Guide

Thirty years ago, back at Westinghouse, we faced the challenge of developing a high-power DC to AC inverter for the US Navy. Power semiconductors were expensive and performance was limited. This project demanded top-tier expertise; during testing, it was common to witness the quietness of intense concentration followed by a sudden flash and loud pop. These were groundbreaking times for electronics and power systems. However, today's technology has advanced significantly.

Advancements in Technology

These days, semiconductors have much better performance and the issues surrounding direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC) conversion are well-understood. You can easily download sample designs and purchase necessary components online. While compared to Westinghouse's project of that era, the task is straightforward, especially for medium and low-power inverters. Nevertheless, without thorough understanding in areas where you might be less familiar, it would be challenging. Purchasing an off-the-shelf inverter is much more cost-effective and generally reliable. Inverters come with numerous safety features already built into their circuits and are typically cheaper than building your own.

Why Buy an Inverter?

It would be vastly simpler and probably much safer to buy one. For most applications, the primary factors determining inverter selection are the DC voltage and the power available. Most inverters output 110V or 220V. With solar cells, individual cells are often put in series to reach a voltage supported by modern inverters, which typically range from 12V and 48V. The only other factor to consider is the power capability. Power capacity is often specified in KVA (KiloVolt Amps) rather than Kilowatts. Ensure that the inverter can handle at least as much power as your solar cells can produce. This will prevent any solar power from going unused.

Electronics Hobbies and DIY Projects

If you still wish to pursue a DIY project, the internet is full of resources for electronic hobbyists. There are entire websites dedicated to such projects. Don't expect a detailed DIY guide to be typed out; it's more likely that you'll find forums, video tutorials, and detailed schematics that you can use as references. Nonetheless, these resources can help you better understand the principles of DC to AC inverter design and construction. Just remember, the safest and most practical approach is to buy an inverter that meets your specific needs.

Conclusion

Harnessing solar power effectively requires careful consideration of the right inverter for your setup. While DIY projects can be rewarding, they also come with challenges. Always prioritize safety and reliability. If you're unsure about the intricacies of DC to AC conversion, it's best to buy a professionally designed inverter that suits your requirements. In doing so, you ensure not only that your solar energy is being used efficiently but also that your system remains robust and safe.