How to Configure 4 24V 24A Batteries for 24V 24A Power Supply

When attempting to create a 24V 24A power supply using four 24V 24A batteries, efficiency and longevity are paramount. This guide explores the configuration options and their implications, specifically focusing on the challenges of parallel connection and the safer method of using diodes for automatic switching.

Understanding the Challenge

The primary objective is to achieve a 24V 24A power supply using four 24V 24A batteries, each rated to deliver 24A at 24V. However, simply paralleling these batteries is fraught with difficulties. While it might seem intuitive that the current delivery would quadruple, with all four batteries behaving normally, this is not the case.

Theories and Common Practices

One common approach is to use one battery at a time and switch to a better charged battery as needed. This method, while effective in certain scenarios, is not practical for applications that demand continuous, reliable power. The need for manual switching can be cumbersome and inefficient, especially in high-demand environments.

Automated Switching with Diodes

A more advanced and efficient solution is to use steering or blocking diodes, paired with an OR logic configuration. Here's how it works:

Connect each battery's common terminal to a rectifier diode. This ensures that only the battery with the highest voltage can deliver current to the circuit. Connect all the common terminals of the batteries to a load in an OR logic fashion. This means that if any one of the batteries has a higher voltage, it will supply the load, while the others remain off. Monitor the system for any voltage drops due to diode drops to ensure optimal performance.

This configuration overcomes the limitations of simple parallel connection and allows for automatic switching between batteries. However, it is crucial to bear in mind the diode drop, which can affect the overall efficiency of the system. Additionally, the charging aspect of individual batteries will still present challenges, especially if not all batteries are equally charged and available for use at all times.

Challenges and Risks

Attempting to parallel the batteries without proper circuit components not only reduces the efficiency of the system but also significantly risks the lifespan of the batteries. Overloading a battery beyond its rated capacity can cause irreparable damage and potential safety hazards.

Conclusion

For a dependable 24V 24A power supply from four 24V 24A batteries, the use of steering or blocking diodes in an OR logic setup is recommended. This approach ensures that the system remains efficient and reliable, with the added benefit of automatic switching. Always ensure proper monitoring and maintenance to prolong the life of your battery bank and avoid potential failures or safety risks.