Could a SpaceX Rocket Be Used to Send Another Repair Mission to the Hubble Telescope?

While the idea of utilizing SpaceX rockets to repair the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) seems thrilling, it presents several logistical challenges that must be carefully considered. Despite the capability of SpaceX's Falcon 9 and Falcon Heavy rockets to carry payloads to low Earth orbit (LEO), where the HST operates, there are numerous factors that need to be addressed to make this a reality.

Crewed Mission Requirement

The last service mission to the Hubble Space Telescope was conducted in 2009. Since then, the telescope has been operating without human assistance. Any proposed repair mission would likely require a crewed spacecraft capable of carrying astronauts, such as the SpaceX Crew Dragon. This adds another layer of complexity to the project, as the mission will need to include not only the launch vehicle but also a spacecraft for the astronauts, necessary tools and equipment for repairs, and a safe re-entry plan.

Mission Design and Technical Challenges

Planning and designing such a mission would involve extensive coordination with NASA and SpaceX. NASA would need to ensure that the mission includes all necessary components, from the astronauts to the sophisticated tools needed for repairs. Additionally, the technical challenges of rendezvousing with the HST and performing repairs in space would require significant expertise and resources. Although SpaceX has demonstrated its capability to launch such missions, the complexities of spacewalks and remote repairs make this a non-trivial task.

Funding and Approval

A successful mission to repair the Hubble Space Telescope wouldrequire funding and approval from multiple stakeholders, including NASA and potentially other private or governmental organizations. The focus on other projects like the James Webb Space Telescope and the Artemis missions may impact the prioritization of such a mission, as resources and attention are often limited.

Viability of Using Falcon Heavy

Given the current status and priorities, building a complete replacement for the Hubble Space Telescope to fit within the fairing of a Falcon Heavy rocket would be more cost-effective. Instead, alternative strategies could be explored to extend the operational life of the HST.

Mission Extension Vehicle

A more feasible approach might be to use a mission extension vehicle to transfer the Hubble to a co-orbit with the International Space Station (ISS). This would allow the Hubble to be serviced from a fixed location within the ISS, making the necessary repairs more manageable. This method leverages the existing infrastructure of the ISS and significantly reduces the risk and complexity of direct HST servicing.

Waiting for BFR

As the SpaceX BFR (Big Falcon Rocket) progresses, it may provide a more robust solution for servicing the Hubble. With BFR, there might be a real option to retrieve the Hubble, fully refurbish it on the ground, and then return it to orbit. This method would involve a series of meticulous steps, including docking the Dragon capsule with an Exploration Gateway Platform, flying to the HST, and performing the necessary repairs.

Advanced Space Suits and Exploration Gateway Platform

For astronaut repair missions, using a Falcon Heavy to orbit an Exploration Gateway Platform could be an innovative approach. The platform could serve as a construction shack, where astronauts could perform repairs on the HST. This would negate the need for complex robot arms and maintain a stable orientation, reducing the risk of catastrophic failures during repairs.

BFR and Space Suits

Alternatively, designing advanced space suits equipped with micro-rocket motors and high-efficiency solar panels could enhance astronaut mobility and stability during repairs. This innovative solution would allow astronauts to work more freely, using revised procedures that leverage the mobility provided by these advanced suits. The use of micro-rocket motors and MEMS-based life support systems would offer more flexibility and precision in spacewalks, making repairs more efficient and safe.

Potential Acquisition and Testing

An interesting proposal could be for Elon Musk to offer to buy Hubble and its spares and command center after the James Webb Telescope is operational. This would allow SpaceX to test new procedures on the HST, potentially leading to more efficient and cost-effective servicing in the future.

Conclusion: While the idea of using SpaceX rockets to service the Hubble Space Telescope is intriguing, it requires significant planning, resources, and collaboration. Whether by utilizing a mission extension vehicle, waiting for BFR, or developing advanced space suits, there are multiple viable approaches to extend the life of this iconic space observatory.