Pros and Cons of Pursuing Physics vs Electrical Engineering: A Comparative Analysis

I personally have a unique perspective on these two fields after starting my college education as a physics major and now working as a professional electrical engineer. Let's explore the differences and similarities between these two majors.

The Academic and Practical Paths

From a purely academic standpoint, the two majors share foundational knowledge of physics. However, their paths diverge significantly. In physics classes, like Physical Thermodynamics, you will often find smaller, more intimate classroom settings. I recall my Physical Thermodynamics class, which only had around 15 students, compared to a much larger class of 150 for the Engineering counterpart. The latter indicates a shift from a theoretical and research-focused approach to a more practical and application-oriented curriculum.

In my experience, the professor in the Physics track had a genuine passion for teaching and engaging with students. On the other hand, the professor in the Engineering track seemed more interested in conducting research rather than teaching. This difference in teaching styles can significantly impact your learning experience and academic success.

Theoretical Versus Practical Focus

Physics is inherently broader and more theoretical. A bachelor's degree in physics allows you to explore a wide range of physical phenomena, from the microscopic world of quanta to the macroscopic world of galaxies. The focus lies in understanding and quantifying these phenomena, and formulating and testing hypotheses about them. In contrast, electrical engineering (EE) is more specialized, concentrating on the practical application of physics principles to real-world problems like electricity and electronic systems.

In the words of physicist and mathematician Freeman Dyson, 'Engineering is very different from physics. A good physicist is someone with original ideas. A good engineer is someone who makes a design that works with as few original ideas as possible.' This quote succinctly summarizes the practical nature of electrical engineering compared to the more theoretical approach of physics.

Differences in Career Paths

When it comes to career opportunities, the two majors present different prospects. While a physics major can potentially secure a job in a laboratory, these opportunities are often quite limited and typically require a postgraduate degree. In contrast, an electrical engineering graduate has a wider range of job prospects right from the start.

According to industry trends, there are plenty of jobs available for EE graduates, and many do not stay in the field for long. Students with degrees in STEM disciplines generally face no significant challenge finding employment, although often not in their top career choice. This flexibility in career paths is one of the key advantages of pursuing electrical engineering over physics.

Conclusion

The choice between studying physics or electrical engineering ultimately depends on your personal interests and career goals. Physics offers a broad and theoretical exploration of the physical world, while electrical engineering focuses on practical applications and real-world problem-solving. Both paths require dedication and a passion for learning, but they cater to different aspects of the scientific and engineering landscape.

Whether you are more inclined towards theoretical research or practical innovation, either major can be a rewarding pursuit. The key is to understand your personal strengths and career aspirations to make the best choice for your future.