Surviving the Civil War: The Unexpected Strategies of Confederate Soldiers

The American Civil War, fought from 1861 to 1865, was a battle not just of soldiers but of will and survival. For many Confederate soldiers, the war was a harsh and often deadly experience. However, some managed to endure, with one notable story involving the author's great-great-grandfather. This account provides insights into the strategies and conditions that allowed some Confederates to survive and return home, often decades later.

Strategies for Survival

Survival among Confederate soldiers during the Civil War was far from guaranteed. Many, including family members, did not make it. According to Jefferson Davis's speech in Macon, Georgia, in September 1864, about 2/3 of enrolled rebel soldiers survived by taking a hike without permission. Those who stayed faced numerous challenges that required unconventional and often desperate measures.

Health: The Greatest Enemy

Sickness was the most prevalent cause of death among Civil War soldiers. Poor sanitation and contaminated drinking water led to widespread illness. Even high-ranking figures like General John Buford fell victim to contaminated water, succumbing to disease. Maintaining health was crucial, but difficult in the chaotic conditions of the time.

Staying Alive: Basic Survival Tips

Avoid Contact with Modern Health Hazards: Lack of sanitation and poor water sources were major health risks. Hydrate Regularly: Staying well-hydrated could help prevent disease and maintain energy levels. Get Rest: Adequate sleep was essential for both physical and mental resilience. Stay Clean: Good hygiene practices could reduce the incidence of diseases like dysentery and typhoid. Refrain from Risks: Avoiding sexual contact that could lead to venereal diseases, which were prevalent. Find Shelter: Seeking cover behind trees or rocks could protect from enemy fire and avoid detection by patrols.

Going AWOL: A Popular Escape Strategy

The most common and effective method of survival was to go AWOL (Absent Without Leave). Many soldiers, particularly near the end of the war, preferred to tend to their fields and livestock rather than face the inevitable defeat. This strategy became increasingly common as it became evident to most soldiers that the Confederacy was losing the war.

By the final weeks of the conflict, nearly half of the Confederate army had simply quit and returned home. This stark statistic underscores the desperation and pragmatism that characterized the last months of the war.

These survival strategies highlight the resilience and ingenuity of Confederate soldiers in the face of overwhelming adversity. For one family, the legacy of such survival is passed down through generations, telling a story of both triumph and tragedy that remains relevant and poignant to this day.