The Impact of Water Submersion on Electronics and Salvage Methods

Water submersion can be a serious issue for modern electronics. This article explores the circumstances under which it happens, the problems that arise, and various methods to salvage damaged devices.

Understanding Modern Electronics

Contrary to the electronics of the past, modern devices do not soak up water. Traditional components such as wax-covered paper condensers, exposed windings in transformers, and fabric-covered wiring are no longer common. Today, electronic components are sealed in protective materials like plastic or ceramic. Circuit boards are made of plastic resin and are coated with a water-resistant layer. The exposed electrical points are typically where components are soldered to the circuit board.

Water and Power Interaction

The core issue with water submersion is not the water itself but the interaction between water and active power. When electronics are powered while submerged, the current may flow where it is not intended, leading to short circuits and potential damage. This malfunction can turn a fully functional device into a non-operational one.

Circumstances and Examples

Based on personal experience, I’ve encountered several instances of electronics getting wet. Out of these, only two were permanently damaged. A functioning cell phone and a CRT display terminal were affected, while other devices that were not powered remained unaffected.

My approach in salvaging these devices involved carefully taking them apart, drying the internal components with paper towels, and then placing the device in a low-temperature oven for an hour or more. This method was successful in restoring many of the devices to their original state.

Salvage Methodology

The success of salvage attempts depends largely on the type of water. If electronics are exposed to salty water, such as seawater, they are more likely to suffer from conductive currents and internal corrosion. Salinity in water affects the performance and integrity of semiconductor components, leading to permanent failure.

On the other hand, fresh water from sources like a lake or river is less conductive and less likely to cause corrosion. However, if the fresh water is rich in dissolved ions, it can still conduct electricity and cause damage.

For devices submerged in salty water, the best course of action is to immediately shut down power and seek professional repair. For devices in fresh water, basic drying methods can often achieve satisfactory results. Using a low-temperature oven can help ensure that the moisture is thoroughly removed without further damaging the device.

Conclusion

Water submersion can be a significant threat to modern electronics, but with the right understanding and methods, many devices can be salvaged. Whether dealing with salty or fresh water, it is crucial to act quickly and use appropriate techniques to mitigate the damage.