The Moon Rocks: Stored, Studied, or Stolen—A Journey Through NASA’s Lunar Samples

Introduction

The Apollo moon missions returned to Earth with a precious cargo of lunar samples, carefully cataloged and studied. These unique materials hold scientific value and are also a part of human history. This article explores how these samples were stored, examined, and even the unfortunate cases of theft, shedding light on the fascinating journey of lunar materials from the moon to Earth.

The Distribution and Storage of Lunar Samples

Upon their return, the lunar samples were distributed among various institutions and countries. A small portion of the samples was sent to every nation that the United States had diplomatic relations with, with each U.S. state receiving a sample as well. Approximately 300 pounds of these samples were used for scientific studies, and a significant amount, about 250 pounds, remains sealed and available for future research.

Primarily, the samples are stored in the Lunar Sample Laboratory in Houston, Texas. Some samples are on display at museums, including the Space Center Houston, where visitors can even touch a small sample. NASA has also created educational samples for schools, which are pieces of moon rocks embedded in clear acrylic, preventing direct contact.

Thefts and The Moon Rocks' Legality

Despite security measures, some samples have fallen into the wrong hands. The most notable case involves NASA interns who stole a 600-pound safe containing moon rocks. This incident not only involved theft but also underscored the uniqueness and value of lunar samples.

Only moon rocks that were returned to Earth from a Russian non-crewed mission are legally owned. These rocks have been sold in pieces, while some lunar meteorites—moon rocks that were naturally thrown off the moon due to meteorite or comet impacts—can also be bought. These lunar meteorites entered Earth's atmosphere and survived, making them accessible to collectors.

Current Status and Future Prospects

Several hundred kilograms’ worth of lunar samples have been separated and studied for decades. Some samples, both large and small, have been lent to museums and science shows. A few tiny samples have made their way into private collections.

Most lunar samples are stored under strict climate-controlled conditions at NASA's Houston facility. Some are on display, while others are used for ongoing research. The sample that I had the chance to examine in college was a tiny sliver, maybe a centimeter across, accompanied by thick documentation detailing every experimental use of the rock.

Conclusion: A Legacy of Discovery

The lunar samples represent a significant scientific and historical milestone. Their preservation and ongoing study ensure that the lessons learned from the moon continue to benefit current and future generations. The journey of these precious materials from the lunar surface to Earth has been filled with both scientific achievement and human endeavor.