The Utilization and Advantages of Depleted Uranium in the US Military

The US military utilizes depleted uranium (DU) extensively for various applications, particularly in hypervelocity projectiles due to its remarkable density and unique fracturing properties.

Why Depleted Uranium is the Best Metal for Hypervelocity Projectiles

Hypervelocity projectiles, or projectiles traveling at high velocities, must possess certain key characteristics to be effective. One of the most critical factors in these projectiles is their density. Depleted uranium, derived from the process of enriching uranium for nuclear applications, is highly dense compared to many other materials, including lead. This density makes it an excellent choice for armor-piercing applications.

In addition to density, DU has a distinctive property when subjected to impact. Unlike other metals, which tend to fracture into blunt fragments, depleted uranium shatters into numerous sharp shards upon impact. These sharp shards are more effective in penetrating armor plating and causing damage to the crew within. The sharp edges and the high-density nature of DU create a more devastating effect, significantly increasing the lethality of the projectile.

Evolution of DU-Armored Rounds

A typical example of the use of depleted uranium in armament is the 120mm emArmor-Piercing Fin-Stabilized Discarding Sabot (APFSDS)/em M829A2 round. This round is a prime example of how depleted uranium has revolutionized the effectiveness of armor-piercing weaponry.

The M829A2 round, designed for use in the M1 Abrams tank, is a depleted uranium projectile. It is constructed to achieve maximum penetration capability. The cross-section of a typical M829A2 round reveals a high-density metal core, which is more dense than lead, surrounded by other components designed to optimize its performance. This construction allows the round to maintain its integrity and density through the penetration phase, maximizing its ability to breach armor.

Incendiary Effects of DU

A particularly concerning aspect of depleted uranium in hypervelocity projectiles is the dual role it plays as both a penetrative and incendiary agent. When depleted uranium penetrates armor, it often catches fire when exposed to air, releasing a heat flash. This not only causes additional injuries to the crew exposed to the flash but also has the potential to ignite nearby flammable materials. In some cases, this can lead to secondary explosions, further increasing the risk and damage.

The combination of high density and incendiary properties makes depleted uranium a highly effective, yet controversial, material in military applications. While its use enhances the effectiveness of munitions, the potential for secondary damage and safety concerns continue to be a subject of debate in the international community.

Conclusion

Depleted uranium's density and unique fracturing properties make it an invaluable material in the design of hypervelocity projectiles. Its use in the US military's arsenal exemplifies its significance in enhancing the lethality and effectiveness of armament. However, the dual role of DU as both a penetrative and incendiary agent raises important questions about its use and the ethical considerations it presents.

References

- Depleted Uranium Armor-Piercing Rounds US Army - Defense Industry Daily - US Military Continues Use of Depleted Uranium in Grenades, Bullets