Transforming the 737 MAX into Other Versions: Aerodynamic Challenges and Solutions

In the hypothetical scenario that the 737 MAX is no longer allowed to fly again, could it be converted into another version of the 737? This article explores the challenges and potential solutions in such a transformation, focusing on aerodynamic and safety considerations.

Introduction to the 737 MAX

The Boeing 737 MAX has faced numerous challenges, primarily centered around safety concerns, particularly with the MCAS (Maneuvering Characteristics Augmentation System) and various software issues. A hypothetical scenario that bans the 737 MAX from flying could lead to significant changes in its design to make it compliant with safety regulations and suitable for sale. This article delves into the feasibility of such a conversion.

Design Challenges for Conversion

Engine Incompatibility

The current engines of the 737 MAX are too large to fit under the 1960s-era wings. Moreover, the aircraft is too large to operate effectively with engines small enough to fit. This presents a significant obstacle to modifying the airplane into a functional 737 version.

Hypothetical Design Solutions

One possible solution involves redesigning the main landing gear to include a telescopic shaft that extends when lowered and retracts when raised. This would enable the use of the existing space constraints and potentially move the engine back to the old position, negating the need for MCAS.

An alternative solution is to run four smaller engines on the existing pylon mounts, as seen on the B-52. This approach eliminates the need for software-controlled pitch, but it comes with its own trade-offs, such as increased fuel consumption and longer preflight and service times.

Reverting to a 737 Version

Market Requirements and Ethical Considerations

For a modified 737 MAX to be marketable, it must overcome the safety concerns that led to the ban and maintain the main advantage, improved fuel economy, of the original MAX. However, the 737 MAX's primary problem lies in its aerodynamic design, which can lead to an unrecoverable stall that can be catastrophic.

Addressing Aerodynamic Issues

The fundamental issue is that the 737 MAX is a poor aerodynamic design. It can be put into an unrecoverable stall, a condition where the aircraft falls uncontrollably with its nose high. Software is intended to prevent such a state, but it can also cause a dive at an inappropriate time, which can be just as disastrous.

The solution lies in correcting the aerodynamic design while incorporating newer, more efficient engines. However, this would require significant structural changes, including moving the engines to a new location under the wings, which is feasible but highly expensive and requires extensive testing for structural soundness.

A specific design modification involves making the undercarriage telescopic, which would increase its height and reduce the risk of aerodynamic imbalance. This could make the modification less costly but still require significant testing and certification.

Conclusion

The hypothetical scenario of converting the 737 MAX into another version of the 737 presents numerous technical challenges. While there are potential solutions, such as repositioning the engines and redesigning the landing gear, the cost and complexity of such modifications make a complete redesign and certification process extremely challenging. The primary focus must remain on ensuring the aircraft's safety and fuel efficiency, which are critical factors in the aviation industry.