Understanding AWG Cable Sizes: Converting to Inches

When working with cables, it's essential to understand the specifications that define their size and gauge. One such specification is the American Wire Gauge (AWG), which measures the diameter of the wire. However, in many parts of the world, millimeters (mm2) are the preferred unit for cable thickness. In this article, we will explore the relationship between AWG and inches, provide you with a comprehensive guide on how to convert AWG to inches, and explain when and why you might need this information.

What is AWG?

American Wire Gauge (AWG) is a standardization system used for the diameter and electrical resistance of round, solid, nonferrous (ferrous) conductor wires. The system defines 48 possible gauge numbers where a smaller number, such as 10 AWG, represents a wire with a larger diameter and a higher carrying capacity. Conversely, a larger number, such as 30 AWG, represents a wire with a smaller diameter and lower carrying capacity.

Why Use Inches for Measurement?

In the context of American engineering and manufacturing, wires and cables are often measured in inches. For instance, many materials, tools, and specifications used in the United States are specified in inches. Knowing the diameter of a cable in inches can be crucial for applications such as wire harnesses, wiring diagrams, and custom cabling projects within the U.S. market.

Converting AWG to Inches

While AWG is commonly used, converting the size of a cable to inches can be necessary for several reasons. For example, you might need to work with non-empirical measurements, communicate with American clients, or use English system units for other parts of the project.

AWG Cable Size Chart

AWG Wire Diameter (inches) Wire Diameter (mm2) 10 0.1017 in 25.91 mm2 14 0.0641 in 4.04 mm2 20 0.0413 in 1.32 mm2 26 0.0283 in 0.426 mm2

Conversion Formula

The diameter of AWG wires can be calculated using the following formula:

$$ D_{text{inches}} frac{0.005}{left(left(frac{92}{36}right)^{left(text{AWG} - 36right) / 39} cdot left(text{AWG} geq 36 ? 0.005 : 0.0211817right)right)}$$

Where:

D_{text{inches}} wire diameter in inches text{AWG} wire gauge (American Wire Gauge)

When to Use Inches for AWG Cables

There are several scenarios where it's necessary to convert AWG to inches:

When you are working with American standards within the United States. During the design and manufacturing of custom wiring harnesses and circuits. When collaborating with American clients who use inches as a standard unit of measurement. In projects where the electrical specifications are provided in inches.

Why Use MM2 as a Standard Unit

Millimeters squared (mm2) is the preferred unit for expressing the cross-sectional area of wires. This unit is widely used globally, which makes it compatible with international standards. The mm2 is the standard unit for wire and cable specifications in the metric system, which is employed by most other countries. Using mm2 can reduce confusion when working with international teams and suppliers.

Conclusion

While AWG is a commonly used system for wire size and gauge, understanding how to convert AWG to inches is essential for specific applications. This conversion can be crucial when working with American standards or collaborating with American clients. Whether you are specifying the diameter of a cable for a project or converting specifications from inches to millimeters, this guide will serve as a valuable resource. Embrace the versatility of measuring systems and ensure your projects meet all necessary requirements.