Why Tennis Players Use Three Balls Before Serving: Strategic Reasons Behind the Tradition

Tennis players are often seen arriving to the baseline with three balls in their hand before they serve. This seemingly unnecessary third ball is actually a well-thought-out practice that serves several strategic purposes. Here, we will delve into the reasons why players prefer to use three balls, and how it contributes to their performance and the flow of the game.

Choice and Personal Preference

The primary reason for providing players with three balls is to allow them to choose the one that feels the most comfortable and suitable for their serve. This choice can be crucial for performance. Each ball has a unique texture and wear, and players may have preferences based on these factors. For instance, a ball with a tighter nap (surface texture) might feel more responsive and provide the desired spin, while a ball with a fluffier cover could be less predictable. Players often need to feel the condition and handling of the ball to determine which one is best for their specific serving style.

Game Flow and Efficiency

Having three balls also helps maintain the pace of the game. If a player serves and the ball goes out or hits the net, they can quickly grab another ball from their hand without having to wait for a ball to be retrieved. This allows for a more fluid game and ensures that the match progresses smoothly. In professional matches, where time is a luxury, this efficiency can make a significant difference.

Ball Rotation and Condition Management

Professional tennis balls are changed regularly to ensure a consistent playing experience. By having three balls on hand, players can help ensure that at least one of the balls in play is in optimal condition. This is particularly important as the condition of the balls can affect their performance. New balls have a tight nap, which makes them faster and smoother, while balls that have been in play for a while tend to have a fluffier nap that can alter the ball's flight and spin.

Professional Ball Usage and Changes

At the professional level, balls are typically replaced every 7-9 games. This is because the fabric covering the ball first feels tight when it is new, then fluffs up, and finally wears off completely due to how hard and fast it is hit. For a professional player, the amount of fluff on the cover can make a significant difference in the ball's flight. A tight nap makes the ball go fast, while a bald (fluffy) ball can be slower and curve more effectively. As a result, players choose the ball they feel will give them the best performance for their serve.

Personal Choices and Rituals

Some players have their own preferences when it comes to choosing the balls. For example, players like Rafael Nadal and even recreational players often pick the two balls they like the most out of the three. Choosing the balls can sometimes become a ritual, which is a mixture of personal preference and superstition. Having a favorite set of balls can provide a mental edge and comfort before serving.

Practical Considerations for Professional Players

While the use of three balls serves several strategic purposes, there are some practical challenges that players face. For instance, the off-hand pocket, which is the one used for convenience (e.g., left pocket for righties), can only hold two balls, and sometimes a third ball can obstruct a player's backswing, especially on the backhand. Additionally, players with two balls in their pocket are more likely to have balls roll out during a point than those with one ball. However, in professional matches, ball retrievers are available to manage the balls, making the presence of three balls less critical.

Superstitious Beliefs

Some players may have superstitions about the third ball. Superstition can play a significant role in a player's performance, and having a third ball might trigger certain beliefs or rituals that players find comforting or advantageous.

Understanding the reasons behind the use of three balls can deepen our appreciation for the intricacies of the game of tennis. Whether it's a matter of personal preference, game efficiency, or superstition, the practice of carrying three balls before serving is a testament to the thoughtful design of the sport and the attention to detail that goes into enhancing player performance.