Understanding the True Contralto: Range, Volume, and Texture

The term contralto refers to a specific vocal range, typically extending from about E3 to the high B4 or higher. However, within this vocal range, vocalists can be classified as true contraltos and regular contraltos, each with unique characteristics in terms of range, volume, and texture. This article aims to explore these differences and provide clarity on the distinctions between the two vocal classifications.

Range

The vocal range of a true contralto typically spans from about E3 to E5, with some exceptional contraltos having a wider range. This range is known for its rich, resonant lower notes, often described as having a powerful and full sound. In contrast, a regular contralto also has a lower range but may not possess the same level of richness or volume. Regular contraltos might have a more light quality in the upper range compared to true contraltos.

Volume and Texture

True Contralto: True contraltos are characterized by a darker, richer, and more powerful sound in the lower register. This rich timbre is what distinguishes a true contralto from other voice types. True contraltos can produce a strong, full sound that carries well, especially in lower ranges. The sound is described as having a warm, dark, and full-bodied timbre with a smooth transition between registers.

Regular Contralto: While regular contraltos still have a lower range, they may not have the same level of richness or volume. Their upper range might be more light in quality compared to true contraltos. This can make it challenging for regular contraltos to sing certain parts that require brighter or higher sounds.

Timbre

True Contralto: The timbre of a true contralto is typically described as warm, dark, and full-bodied. This characteristic can lead to a rich and resonant sound, making true contraltos well-suited for roles that require a full, powerful voice. The transition between registers is often smooth and natural.

Regular Contralto: The timbre of a regular contralto can vary widely. Some contraltos may have a brighter or lighter quality, particularly in the upper range. This variability can make it more challenging for these voices to be consistently identified and trained.

The Challenges of Being a Contralto

Being a true contralto is not always an easy journey. Vocalists in this range often face challenges such as mistyping, misunderstanding, and even being ignored or pushed out of the singing industry due to their unique vocal qualities. Many professional singing teachers are accustomed to training sopranos and mezzo-sopranos and may have difficulty recognizing or accommodating the specific needs of true contraltos.

True contraltos might face the misconception that their inability to sing in high registers, or their more resonant lower tones, is due to vocal damage or incorrect technique. This can lead to frustration and persistent misidentification and misclassification. For example, one such contralto, who wished to remain anonymous, shared that they were once misclassified by several singing teachers who were more accustomed to training sopranos and mezzo-sopranos. These teachers often did not listen to the true contralto's voice but instead relied on their speaking voice to make a determination, leading to incorrect classifications.

These challenges can also affect the types of roles and performances available to true contraltos. Many techniques used for training mezzo-sopranos and sopranos do not work for true contraltos, and if misapplied, can actually damage their voices. As a result, true contraltos often find themselves singing a variety of styles and genres, such as torch songs, 20s and 30s pop standards, jazz, and occasional Broadway shows, often featuring the works of composers like Stephen Sondheim.

Due to the unique nature of their vocal quality, true contraltos may also need to sing in a specific key. One such contralto mentioned that they might be in F, but were not entirely certain. Additionally, they noted the challenges of performing live due to the belief that their voice would not "dazzle" like the high and bright voices of mezzo-sopranos and sopranos.

Conclusion

In summary, true contraltos are a specific subtype of contralto with a rich, deep sound, particularly in the lower range, and a powerful, full-bodied voice overall. The differences between true contraltos and regular contraltos lie in their range, volume, and texture. Understanding these nuances is essential for vocalists, teachers, and industry professionals to ensure the voices of true contraltos are recognized, respected, and properly cultivated.