Why the Military Enlistment Age Should Remain at 18: A Deep Dive

The age for military enlistment has historically been a subject of debate, with proponents and critics alike weighing the advantages and disadvantages of different age thresholds. The Bible, specifically Numbers 1:2–3, has often been cited as support for a higher enlistment age, suggesting that military service should begin at the age of 20. However, this age is not without its drawbacks. This article explores the arguments for maintaining the current enlistment age of 18 and provides a critical analysis of the benefits and societal implications of higher enlistment ages.

The Historical Context

According to the Bible, particularly in Numbers 1:2–3, the suggested age for military service was 20. This verse reads: “Take ye the sum of all the congregation of the children of Israel, by their families, every man by his name, from twenty years old and upward, all that are able to go to war, in Israel: thou and Aaron shall number them by their armies.” However, it is important to note that the context of this verse refers to an autonomous militia, not a professional standing army.

The Current Enlistment Age: 18

Current U.S. law mandates that the minimum age for military enlistment is 18. This age has been chosen based on the ability of young adults to make informed decisions and handle the responsibilities of serving in the military. By allowing individuals to enlist at 18, the U.S. ensures that they are mature enough to understand the implications of their actions and capable of following orders and serving their country.

Benefits of the Current Enlistment Age

1. Young, Nimble Soldiers

The youth of 18–20 year olds offers numerous advantages for military service. They are physically fit, capable of carrying heavy loads, and adaptable to extended marches and combat energy and determination make them excellent candidates for military service.

2. Motivation and Indoctrination

Youth are more susceptible to indoctrination and motivated to follow orders without question. This can be both a strength and a weakness, but it is a viable approach to military training and discipline. Additionally, enrolling young adults at 18 allows for a more realistic and meaningful transition into adulthood, preparing them for the challenges of military life and future civilian roles.

Remaining a Volunteer Force

The U.S. military is an all-volunteer force, meaning that individuals choose to join and commit to a service period. Allowing 18–20 year olds to enlist does not infringe on their rights or limit their choices. It is a testament to their willingness to serve their country. The alternative of waiting until the age of 21 could lead to a sense of infantilization, where young adults are seen as children rather than capable adults. This approach not only benefits the individuals but also strengthens society by empowering youth to take on responsibilities at an early age.

Historical Context of Drafts

Historically, the U.S. has enacted military drafts multiple times, including during times of significant societal unrest. The Vietnam War draft, for example, saw thousands of young people fleeing to Canada to avoid conscription, and many were imprisoned. Similarly, during the U.S. Civil War, there were significant riots against the draft. These experiences highlight the potential for societal upheaval and instability when using conscription.

Comparing to Other Countries

Some countries, like the United Kingdom, have lower enlistment ages of 16. This lower age has its merits, but it also introduces new challenges, such as losing the sense of invincibility that comes with youth. Younger recruits may be less prepared for the realities of military service and may struggle with the psychological and physical demands of combat.

Conclusion

In conclusion, maintaining the current enlistment age of 18 strikes a balance between the physical and mental capabilities of young adults and their ability to make informed decisions. The U.S. military benefits from the energy, adaptability, and motivation of 18–20 year olds, while allowing them to contribute meaningfully to their society. Enforcing a higher enlistment age, such as 21, could inadvertently infantilize these individuals or create societal unrest, making the current age a reasonable and effective choice.