Comparing Felt Recoil in 12 Gauge Shotguns vs. .308 Rifles

In firearms, the felt recoil is a subjective experience that varies widely based on several factors. This article aims to provide a comprehensive comparison between the felt recoil of 12 gauge shotguns and the .308 rifles, highlighting the key differences and contributing elements behind these experiences.

Factors Influencing Felt Recoil

Shell Specifications and Loads

The felt recoil in 12 gauge shotguns and .308 rifles is greatly influenced by the shell specifications and loads used. In 12 gauge shotguns, shells can range from 1-3/4 inches to 3-1/2 inches in length. The load types include birdshot, buckshot, and slugs, each with varying weight and speed. The load weight directly impacts the charge needed, as lighter loads may require less powder, leading to less felt recoil.

Gun Characteristics

The gun itself also significantly affects the felt recoil. Factors such as the weight of the firearm and the type of operation (gas-operated semi-automatic vs. non-gas-operated pump) play crucial roles. Heavy guns typically experience less felt recoil compared to lighter ones. Features like hydraulic recoil stocks can also reduce the impact of felt recoil.

Comparing 12 Gauge Shotguns to .308 Rifles

To provide an objective answer, let's consider a few specific examples. Firing a Winchester Super Target clay round with a number 7.5 1 oz shot at 1150 fps out of a Remington 870 shotgun will have minimal felt recoil compared to firing a 180gr FMJ from a Remington 700 rifle. On the other hand, firing Remington Premier Magnum Turkey 12 gauge number 4 with 2-1/4 oz shots out of a Remington 870 shotgun can be a much more impactful experience, akin to firing a 150gr FMJ from a Remington 700 rifle.

General Considerations

When comparing 12 gauge shotguns and .308 rifles, several general considerations come into play. Typically, a 2000 gr firearm will have significantly more felt recoil compared to a 200 gr firearm. This is primarily due to the weight and power of the cartridge. The .308 is known to be more powerful than the standard 12 gauge, which affects the felt recoil.

Loader Differences and Personal Expectations

The manner in which the shots are fired also plays a significant role. 12 gauge shotguns are generally shot in a reflexive, standing position, with a heavier and slower push-off of a 550-grain shot load. In contrast, .308 rifles are typically fired with a faster push-off and a 147-grain bullet. These differences can influence your perception of the felt recoil, even if the energy transfer might be similar.

Load Types and Recoil Levels

Another key factor is the type of load used. A typical skeet load with a 12 gauge shotgun has mild recoil, whereas buckshot or slug loads tend to be much more kicky, often making them uncomfortable. The skeet load typically has less recoil than a .308 Winchester, while high brass loads with more powder generally have more recoil. This is usually evident when looking at the height of the brass ring on the base of the shell.

Conclusion

In summary, the felt recoil in 12 gauge shotguns and .308 rifles varies greatly depending on the specific load, the firearm's characteristics, and the user's expectations. The .308 generally offers more energy, but the rifle's weight can make it feel similar to a 12 gauge shotgun with a light load. Understanding these factors can help shooters make informed decisions about their firearms and rounds.

Keywords

shotgun recoil, .308 recoil, 12 gauge comparison