Introduction

Let me start by thanking Jamie for this very interesting question. I have been a student in both countries and have also been a professor in both, though only as a visiting Fulbright Professor in India. Before delving into the specifics, it is crucial to acknowledge that all generalizations are, by their very nature, false. There is significant variation among students in both countries, and any generalization I make about “Indian” students may just as well apply to “American” students and vice versa.

Parental Influence and Expectations

In India, parental influence is very pronounced and substantial compared to the United States. One need only look at the cultural and societal norms to see the stark contrast. For example, the concept of “You’re 18 and you’re on your own” is virtually non-existent in India. Indian parents expect their children to be financially dependent on them, even through college. Even immigrants from India who now live in the U.S. and have American-born-and-raised children still adhere to this philosophy of paying for higher education.

Parental Expectations vs. Reality

One may have seen this cartoon or others like it on the web. Indian parents are more likely to be like the 1960s parents who are heavily involved in their children's lives. In India, most of the grade and future prospects depend on a set of high-stakes final exams at the end of the year. This leads to a significant portion of the studying being done at the end of the year. Despite these expectations, there is a firm belief in the value of higher education, as exemplified even in modest backgrounds like my own.

Education System and Examination Stress

In India, the examination system is much more rigorous and focused than in the U.S. Most of the grade and future prospects are determined by one set of high-stakes final exams at the end of the year. This starkly contrasts with the U.S., where the grades are often more evenly distributed throughout the year and there is less reliance on a single, high-pressure exam. The American education system, on the other hand, tends to emphasize continuous assessment and learning throughout the year, with less pressure on end-of-year exams.

Attitude toward Higher Education

There is a strong belief in the value of higher education in both countries, but the approach can be quite different. I grew up in a family of very modest means in India, but there was never any question about my going to college. The support and vision of my parents led me to attend college, and I reflected this support in my study habits by never letting them down. In the U.S., high school students are often aware of the cost and expense of higher education, making them less likely to cut class or skip school. This is in stark contrast to India, where missing classes is more common.

Measuring Success

One key factor in measuring success is the career outcomes of graduates. American immigrants in the U.S. tend to have a high success rate compared to their contemporaries. This is often attributed to the rigorous academic preparation and the high value placed on education in India, leading to high-performing students being prepared for the competitive job market.

Conclusion

While there are many differences between Indian and American students, it is important to acknowledge that these are generalizations and do not apply to every individual. Both cultures place great value on education, but the approaches to studying and academic success differ significantly. Understanding these differences can help educators and parents support students in both countries more effectively.