Guru Nanak Dev: The Philosopher, Poet, and Social Reformer

Guru Nanak Dev Ji, born on Kartik Purnima in 1469 (October 22, 1469, Gregorian calendar) and passed away on 22 September 1539, holds a prominent place in the history of the Sikh religion. He is revered as the first Adi Guru of Sikhism and as such, forms the foundation of this faith. His life and teachings continue to influence millions around the world, especially in South Asia.

The Birth of Guru Nanak

Guru Nanak Dev Ji was born in what is now Nankana Sahib, a town in Punjab, part of Pakistan at the time. He was the first child of Mehta Kalu and Mata Tripta Devi, both deeply committed Hindus.

Early Life and Family

That same year, his sister, Bebe Nanki, also embraced a unique spiritual journey that would set her apart. Before he was enlightened, Bebe Nanki, like their parents, was a Hindu. However, witnessing Nanak's profound transformation and divine enlightenment at a young age led her to become the first Sikh ever.

Divine Experience on the Kali Bein River

In his early teens, at the age of 16, Nanak was famously observed by the Kali Bein river. When the young Guru Nanak was immersed in prayer and meditation, his family, including his father Mehta Kalu, mother Mata Tripta, and his sister Bebe Nanki, gathered nearby with growing concern.

Unraveling the mystery of his disappearance, Bebe Nanki remained calm, believing that everything unfolded according to divine will. However, Kalu Mehta was extremely worried and sought help from the village community. Days passed with no sign of Nanak. Finally, relief came when Nanak emerged from the river, seemingly in a trance. This momentous event marked the beginning of his spiritual journey and enlightenment.

The First Guru Ji: Nanak's Philosophical Perspective

Nanak's reemergence on the riverbank did not go unnoticed. He declared, “(200)’There is no Hindu, there is no Muslim. There is but one God. He is the Creator. He fears none, He is without hate. He is immortal, beyond birth and death. There is no one equal to him. He had no Guru, for He is self-illuminated. We can only realize Him by the kindness of the True Guru.” This divine revelation attracted people from diverse backgrounds, setting the foundation for Sikh teachings.

Guru Nanak Dev Ji as a Social Reformer

Nanak focused not only on spiritual enlightenment but also championed social reform. His teachings promoted equality, spiritual growth, and pursued truth unhampered by religious boundaries. The messages of unity, simplicity, and humility shaped the lives of thousands who sought guidance from Him.

Travels and Foundations

After establishing himself in the small village of Kartarpur in 1504, Nanak continued his travels. He visited Baghdad, the Arabian Peninsula, Rome, and returned to Kartarpur, spreading his message and building goodwill among people. His efforts in founding the city of Kartarpur further cemented his legacy as a social and spiritual reformer.

Guru Nanak Dev Ji in Contemporary Times

Tributes to Guru Nanak Dev Ji can be found in numerous festivals, such as the Kartik Purnima, celebrated as Guru Nanak Jayanti. Today, his teachings continue to inspire individuals and communities across the globe, reinforcing the core values of unity, love, and equality.

Summary

Guru Nanak Dev Ji is an iconic figure who not only revitalized the spiritual community but did so with remarkable philosophical and social values. His journey and teachings continue to influence the world, making him an enduring symbol of hope and harmony.