Top Programming Languages and Frameworks for Desktop Applications in 2019

In 2019, developers had a variety of options to choose from when it came to creating desktop applications. This article explores some of the most popular frameworks and programming languages, discussing their strengths and which scenarios they were best suited for.

1. Electron

Language:

JavaScript HTML CSS

Electron allows web developers to build cross-platform desktop applications using web technologies, specifically combining the powerful Chromium browser with Node.js. This makes Electron a viable option for developers who are already skilled in JavaScript, HTML, and CSS. Notable applications created using Electron include Visual Studio Code and Slack. One of its key strengths is the ability to leverage web technologies, making it easier for web developers to transition into desktop application development.

2. Qt

Language:

C

Qt is a powerful framework used to develop cross-platform applications with a native look and feel. It offers a rich set of libraries and tools tailored for GUI (Graphical User Interface) development. Interestingly, Qt supports Python integration via PyQt and PySide, which means developers can use Python while benefiting from the robustness of Qt. This makes it an excellent choice for those looking for a seamless transition between web and desktop development environments.

3. JavaFX

Language:

Java

JavaFX is a framework designed for building rich, interactive desktop applications in the Java language. It provides a modern UI toolkit that is highly cross-platform compliant. This makes it well-suited for developers who are already familiar with Java and are looking to create cross-platform applications. JavaFX simplifies the process of creating complex user interfaces and offers powerful features for data-binding and animations.

4. WPF (Windows Presentation Foundation)

Language:

C

WPF is a component of the .NET framework used to develop Windows desktop applications with rich user interfaces. It offers powerful features such as data binding, animations, and a wide range of UI controls. WPF is particularly well-suited for creating applications with highly interactive user experiences, which are crucial for modern Windows applications. Its tightly integrated with the .NET ecosystem, making it a strong choice for developers working on Windows-specific projects.

5. GTK (GIMP Toolkit)

Language:

C with bindings for other languages

GTK is a toolkit used to create graphical user interfaces. Originally designed for Linux applications, GTK has gained wider support across multiple operating systems, including Windows and macOS. It forms the foundation for the GNOME desktop environment, making it a go-to option for developers working on Linux applications. With its comprehensive set of tools and flexibility, GTK is an excellent choice for developers who need a robust framework for building user interfaces.

6. UWP (Universal Windows Platform)

Language:

C XAML

UWP is a framework that allows developers to create applications that run across all Windows 10 devices. It provides access to modern Windows APIs and is specifically designed for building touch-friendly applications. UWP is ideal for developers who want to create applications that work seamlessly on various Windows devices, from laptops to smartphones.

Conclusion

The choice of the best programming language or framework for developing desktop applications in 2019 largely depends on the specific requirements of the project. For cross-platform applications, Electron and Qt were particularly popular, offering developers the ability to work in familiar web technologies or Python, respectively. WPF and UWP, on the other hand, were ideal for developers targeting Windows devices, offering robust tools and features for creating rich and interactive user interfaces.

Ultimately, the choice should be based on the target platforms, the existing skill set of the development team, and the type of application being developed. Each framework has its unique strengths and benefits, making them suitable for different scenarios and needs.